Orginators of socialst thought and action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Orginators of socialst thought and action - Essay Example Socialist was predominantly striking for Jews worried to leave Ghetto behind them and who, frustrated with the slow advancement of 19th- century liberalism, were eager to embrace a different worldwide faith. In France some considered the emancipation of the Jews as being one of the preconditions for the freedom of humankind. They alleged that Jewish monotheism foreshadowed the forthcoming harmony of mankind and their followers incorporated many French Jews. Socialism began in Russia later than Western Europe, in the next half of the 19th century. Following the death of Nicholas I and the accession of Alexander II led to the emancipation of the serfs and reduction of the repressive regime. Jewish became less secluded from broad stream of Russian communal life. Lots of Jewish socialist came from conventional homes and were slanted by the writing of Russian philosophers, whose effort they read at schools (Silberner, 36). Jews largely favored integration, since they regarded Judaism as outdated and thought that Jewish liberation would come about in the course of the liberalization of Russian citizens with whom the Jews should incorporate. Thus, most of the early Jewish socialist regarded the Russian socialism as more important than Jewish emancipation (Silberner, 44). Jews chose to join the revolutionaries and go to the people. A number of Jewish socialists transformed to Christianity to ease their actions amongst the public, while Jewish women socialist became estranged from Judaism by marriage to non-Jewish revolutionaries. The establishment of socialist regimes in European countries led to the repression of socialist parties and thus brought to an end the lengthy part of Jewish contribution in the fight for democratic socialist ideas in Russia (Silberner,

Global Financial Crisis Essay Example for Free

Global Financial Crisis Essay The global financial crisis started to demonstrate its effects in the mid of 2007 and continued in 2008. Around the world a large number of the financial institutions collapsed, stocks fell and the entire world was under stress. The crisis unraveled in the USA, UK and then spread around the world. This meltdown of the financial systems will affect the lives of almost everyone around the globe. The genesis of the financial crisis was the collapse of the US sub-prime mortgages. Many people defaulted on their repayments of these loans. Basically, a sub-prime mortgage is a type of a loan made to borrowers who do not have a good credit history and are unable to qualify for the high interest rates in the market. It has a diversified product range from mortgages to car loans to credit cards. These loans started out in 2001 when the interest rates were historically lowest in US. At that time, the demand for the real estate was on high because of these low interest rates. The builders kept on investing in the construction of the houses even though the demand for property saw a decline after a while. Due to this huge boom, the property became so over valued that it saw the worse decline in prices in 2006 (University of Iowa, 2008). This made most of the investors and leaders became unwilling to refinance the sub-prime loans and were strict in their policies. This raised the interest payments which some of the investors were unable to afford. Hence more and more people stared defaulting. Around 3. 6 million home owners lost their homes due to the mortgage defaults. There have been around $100 billion worth of Sub-prime mortgage leans defaults from the low-credit worth people. At the same time, the world saw the world stock prices falling in most of the places which made large number hedge funds insignificant. This collapse in demand for the securities which were backing the sub-prime mortgages forced 90 of the firms into declaring bankruptcy (Acharya, 2007). These crises in the sub-prime mortgage and the declining world stock prices led to the global financial crisis in July 2007. Investors had also over indulged themselves in the sophisticated financial instruments such as the derivatives thinking they were reducing the risk associated with the assets. As people started earning money through it, they started taking more risk and hence earning more money. The real problem arose when the market turned towards speculative in nature. This means that with each loss the investor went with more risk to cover up the earlier losses and earn a higher profit. The financial instrument that the bank expected to will reduce its risk created the greatest problems for it. This is how the derivatives became a problem in the current world and one of the causes of the destruction of the banks around the globe (Shah, 2009). This shattered the confidence of the investors. People now did not want to buy the assets or securities but they wanted their money back. Therefore, this created a crisis situation for the investor confidence around the globe. The western economies were also affected by the process of securitization. It is a process by which the financial assets are backed by the real assets through the use of instruments such as the derivatives. The sub-prime mortgages were risky and under rated when compared in isolation but as soon as these loans were gathered together with other debts to diversify risk, they become more attractive and over-rated. Soon when the stocks fell in the international market, most of the securities lost their value. This caused a large deficiency in the capital of the banks and therefore, they were forced to tighten their credit policies around the world. For example: Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy on September 15, 2008. It was the largest bankruptcy filed in the US history because it held a major share of the assets in the US. Its share value had fallen to less than $1. The bank had given out excess amount of the sub-prime mortgage loans which were backed by securities but it had no way to pay back the depositors. It had started facing severe problems when the credit policy was tightened across the world. Sine they were refused to be bailed out, they had filed for bankruptcy with the US government. This had a direct effect on almost all the banks in the US and abroad that were holding the assets of the Lehman Brothers and hence this caused a ripple effect globally. The whole world was affected with the sub-prime mortgage defaults because the world is a global village now and all the businesses in it are inter-related with each other. The credit housing market had indirectly affected all the other markets around the globe. The lenders developed strict policies for the credit facilities and hence decreasing the consumer spending. Demand for the goods and services decreases, profits declines and hence less investment and production. This leads to the layoffs, less household income and therefore less consumer spending. Due to the financial crisis, it is estimated that approximately 80 million people could be forced to live in poverty. The developing economies will be experiencing slow growth rates due to the decline in the export demand. This is due to the diminishing demand of the goods and services globally (Hodgson, 2007). The world GDP is expected to grow at a rate of 0. 5% which is slowest since World War II. The global financial crisis that unraveled in 2007 did expose some serious flaws in the regulations internationally as well as domestically and the global financial system. The major cause of the global financial meltdown is the weak regulatory mechanisms, inadequate transparency, insufficient competition and poorly designed incentive structures. The banking system in the US is the most unregulated sector of the financial institutions. It could create and sell many diversified products making them look secure and attractive. When the loans were being given out, there was very little risk analysis being done and that also with the imprecise and inaccurate data and models. The strict regulation of the sub-prime mortgage and low interest loans would have reduced the chances of the financial meltdown. In the US there is no notion of a central bank that controls the other financial institutions such as the insurance companies, mortgage banks and banks. The US federal government preferred self regulation of the financial institutions under the rule of Chairman Alan Greenspan. This provided for the relaxed and simple environment where different institutions came together to produce and flood the market with sophisticated and diversified products and made them look very attractive and safe. The investors invested in these banks as they did not have the right information about the negative consequences which were never released. This type of policy does result in growth but at the same time it also results in mismanagement and less control. Most of the firms present in the world were resistant to bring any change in themselves which would otherwise have brought strong competition in the market. The people have now called for better regulation and reforms for the financial sector both internationally and domestically. They want the developing nations to have some voice in the formation of these policies and shaping up the global economy. The simple and well designed policies will be easy to implement. They will protect the financial institutions in the short run and bring innovation and diversification in the products in the long run. The most important is that the banking sector in the USA needs to be regulated heavily by a central bank. They should be regulated in a way that they have the minimum required amount of deposits. The Bank of England deputy governor Sir John Gieve suggests that the capital and the liquidity requirements for the bank should be increased and made stricter along with the tough restraints on the building up of the risk. At the same time, the loans should be made difficult to get in good times. These banks need to provide the investors with the adequate information when they are making their decisions. The rating agencies in USA as well as around the world must have stricter reforms and should be heavily regulated so that they properly rate the assets using appropriate models and data. It is also suggestive that there should be a single international rating agency that will rate the assets worldwide. The IMF and the World Bank reforms will play an important role in the future. They need to go about a structural change in their policies because their â€Å"one fit all solution† was a disaster for the developing economies. They had earlier realized that the financial crisis in the developed world will sweep into the developing world and harm it further. Even then they were unable to find a clear solution. Therefore, they need to change their policies and must include the say of the poorer nation while making the new policies. The international bodies and the banks need to be more transparent in their operations and the enforcement of policies so that there no further objections rose to it (Shah, 2009). References Shiller, R. J. (2008) The Sub-prime Solution, Princeton University Press.Fraser, D. , Gup, B. , and J. Kolari (2007) Commercial Banking: The management of risk, John Wiley Sons, Australia. Heffernan, S. (2005) Modern Banking, John Wiley Sons, Chichester, England. Koch, T. and S. Scott MacDonald (2003) Bank Management, Thomson South Western, OH45040, USA. Laeven, L. and F. Valencia (2008) Systemic Banking Crises: A New Database, International Monetary Fund, Washington. Rose, P. (2002) Commercial Bank Management, McGraw Hill Irwin, Boston. Faber, Marc. Gloom Doom economist: credit crunch will spread. CNBC 19 May. 2008. Nazar, Yousuf, â€Å"The fall of US financial capitalism. † Dawn 22 September. 2008. Acharya, M. (2007) Credit crunch – the big picture, The Star, http://www. thestar. com/article/247510 [retrieved on Mar 05, 2009] CNBC, (2007) Gloom Doom Economist: Credit Crunch Will Spread, http://www. cnbc. com/id/24703745 [retrieved on Mar 05, 2009] Credit Crunch, (2007) Crunch Time for Credit? An Inquiry into the State of the Credit System in the United States and Great Britain, http://www. creditcrunch. co. uk/home/article. php? story=20070905083913327 [retrieved on Mar 05, 2009] HM Government, http://www. realhelpnow. gov. uk/credit-crunch-causes-why. php [retrieved on Mar 05, 2009] Hodgson, A. (2007) Global credit crunch: turbulences and outlook, Euro monitor international, http://www. euromonitor. com/Global_credit_crunch_turbulences_and_outlook [retrieved on Mar 05, 2009] Nazar, Y. (2008) The fall of US financial capitalism, Dawn, http://www. dawn. com/2008/09/22/ebr1. htm [retrieved on Mar 05, 2009] Gieve, J (2008) Speech, John Gieve: the credit crunch and the UK economy, http://www. bis. org/review/r080924e. pdf [retrieved on Mar 05, 2009]

A Permanent Death - Capital Punishment :: essays research papers

There are five basic reasons that society uses when imposing "punishment" that I've been able to conclude from my readings. I will discuss these societal concepts and show that the death penalty does not serve to further them. As a result William Smith should not be subject to the death penalty and in fact the same should be abolished from our system of "punishment". Deterrence Deterrence is basically defined as "the punishment should fit the crime." Under this concept, the individual committing the crime and society are prevented from committing this action again. In the case of the death penalty, an individual kills another human and he is "punished" for it by death. Punishment is supposed to be a temporary penalization for a wrongful action. Death is far from temporary. One is to learn from one's mistakes. How can the person learn if they are paying for their mistake with their life? In Ernest van den Haag's article, "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense" he states, "The death penalty is our harshest punishment. It is irrevocable: it ends the existence of those punished, instead of temporarily imprisoning them." (Haag, 251). By imposing the death penalty the individual does not learn from their mistakes and neither does society. Economy Under this concept, punishment should be economical. As Haag points out, "...the monetary cost of appealing a capital sentence is excessive." (Haag, 253). Further, "...actual monetary costs are trumped by the importance of doing justice." (Haag, 253). Additionally there are specific costs associated with keeping an inmate on death row, (i.e. the cost of the specially built prison blocks, the need for maximum security, etc.) and more. These costs clearly out weigh the regular costs incurred to house a regular inmate. Deterrence is clearly not served by imposing the death penalty and society aims for justice are thwarted. Restitution Society demands that the punishment should fix the harm it has done. By sentencing a person to death no harm has been fixed. You can not bring the murdered person back by taking the prisoner's life. "Punishment-regardless of the motivation is not intended to revenge, offset, or compensate for the victims suffering or to be measured by it." (Haag, 253). Retribution The community demands that justice be served. Would justice not equally be served and in fact may be better served by life imprisonment? I believe it would be a worse punishment to endure a life sentence in prison.

Essay --

Austin Gutierrez Mr. Saluga Honors English 10 14 January, 2014 Physical Therapists When the occupation of â€Å"Physical Therapist† or â€Å"PT’ is mentioned, most people would think of a professional that works to rehabilitate athletes. This is partially correct because not only do physical therapists work at athletic facilities, but at hospitals, nursing homes, and physician offices as well (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Physical therapists work hard and stay on their feet constantly to help someone to the best of their ability (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Being a physical therapist is a spectacular job option for those who will focus on their education, licensing, and training to flourish in a job territory that is vastly increasing. To become a successful physical therapist, a large amount of education, experience, and licensing is needed. Prior to entering college, it would be in ones best interest to take the courses anatomy, biology, physics, and health. These courses can grant the individual background information and assist when going through tougher courses later in life. The first plan of action for someone pursuing this career path would be to earn their Bachelor’s Degree consisting of undergraduate/ pre PT courses. After obtaining this degree, the individual is able to attempt his Doctor of Physical Therapy Degree or â€Å"DPT†. Content areas during both of these programs include the aforementioned suggested courses plus other topics such as finance, clinical reasoning, evidence-based practice, endocrine/metabolic functioning, and musculoskeletal usage. The lengths of these programs are typically 3 years long each (Normative Model of Physical Therapist Professional Education: Version 2004 ). All PTs must receive a graduat... ...e a long and tedious journey. However, in the end, all the hard work pays off. American Physical Therapy Association. Normative Model of Physical Therapist Professional Education. Version 2004. PT Evaluative Criteria: Revised January 2014. Published: October 26, 2004. Print "Benefits of a Physical Therapist Career." Benefits of a Physical Therapist Career. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. "Career as a Physical Therapist." Salary Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. "ExploreHealthCareers.org." Physical Therapist. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. "Physical Therapist (PT) Education Overview." Physical Therapist (PT) Education Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. "Role of a Physical Therapist." Role of a Physical Therapist. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. "Summary." U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 8 Jan. 2014. Web. 14 Jan. 2014.

From a sociological perspective, what do the effects of demographic change have on the social structure of the community of Exeter?

Objectives: 1) To create a research project loosely based on the study proposed by W. M. Williams, A West Country Village: Ashworthy: Family, Kinship and Land. 2) Concentrate on the sociological issues that arise from demographic change in a city community, including family, kinship, class and age. 3) Look at Exeter's population change over the past 20 years. 4) Research Methods: i) Conduct a questionnaire to be carried out in Exeter. ii) Collect secondary data relevant to the project (e.g. census data) iii) Map the shops and services in the high street to gain an understanding of what age groups Exeter wants to attract. iv) Find out if there is a strong sense of community by finding out what clubs and societies are available. v) Look at religion in the community. 2001 Census Results for South West Region From the census data one was able to see that, during the last 20 years the South West's population has grown by over half a million, the fastest growing region in this period. However out of all the places in the south west that have experienced demographic change Exeter has experienced relatively low population growth of about 10.5% The South West has also shown a growth in its ‘retirement' population by a fifth since 1991. The South West has acquired an additional 10,000 residents of retirement age but at the same time has experienced a loss of 3,800 people of working age and a loss of 13,000 people under sixteen. Sociological factors to investigate when looking at the effects of demographic change on the community of Exeter Secondary data is quite important to use alongside the first hand research. For example census information and settlement maps would show how the area has changed over time. By mapping the shops and services available on the high street in Exeter one will be able to see which order they are, i.e. ‘high order' e.g. doctors, dentists, cloths shops, or ‘low order' e.g. bakery, grocers, butchers. The more high order shops and services available, the more likely the community will not need to travel outside of the city therefore making it more self sustained and a high probability of having a good community spirit. The types of shops and services available will also give a clue as to what age groups Exeter's retailers and services are aiming to attract. One could find out Exeter's sphere of influence by asking where people travel from to get to Exeter. From this information it would allow one to then find out if the influx of ‘visitors' that Exeter attracts have an effect on the community of Exeter. To see if Exeter has a strong sense of community and family and kinship systems, one could look at a number of different factors. One could find out what clubs and societies are available to the residents of Exeter. For example Exeter has its own football team, ‘Exeter City'. Therefore you could ask people what football team they support and also how many Exeter football games they attend each year. One could also find out who the clubs and societies are aimed at. This would give a clue as to the age group of the individuals who join the clubs/societies, which would therefore show for example if the community spirit is stronger in the older members of Exeter's community as compared to the younger members. Another important factor is religion, as it is an important medium of bringing a community together and uniting them. The questionnaire should attempt to find out more about the change in Exeter's population and it's effects on family and kinship. Some of the key areas that should be covered in the questionnaire are, the age of the individual, whether they are married or divorced, single parents, and the number of children per household. A way of assessing kinship ties is by finding out if the house of the individual has room for relatives to stay. Also find out the individuals' place of birth, how long they have been living in Exeter, if they have family living within ten minutes travelling distance, how often they see their relatives and also if they have children do they use a family member to baby-sit them or a friend? Also find out the type of job industry the individual is in, primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary, as this would show a change in work patterns between the young and the old. Transport and communication are also key factors in keeping family and kinship bonds strong. Another issue to be looked at is, does the large student population have an effect on family and kinship structures in Exeter? Also by finding out the number of local people that attend the university compared to the number of people who live outside of Devon this would show if family and kinship bonds are less strong amongst the younger members of society. Other factors that should be taken into account when conducting this project are, to find out whether Exeter has an ageing population. This would effect family and kinship systems as the young for example may move away to find better jobs or education i.e. university. One could also see how the change in attitudes towards women in the work place has had an effect on the social structure. Also the change in industry could attribute towards the social structure of the community of Exeter. In Britain, the census provides useful demographic information that can highlight areas for particular study. The 1991 census report on migration shows that Devon seems to lose more young people (20-28 year olds) than it gains through in-migration. At the same time many older people migrate into the county than leave it (Census Migration 1991). The 1991 census report indicates that the South West had the lowest proportion of 18-29 year olds in Britain as well as the highest proportion of pensioners. These are significant trends that could potentially have had an affect on the social structure of the South West and Exeter in particular. Closer investigation will hopefully help identify the precise nature of any changes that have occurred whilst also revealing the implications of demographic change. One problem that we could encounter could be that the demographic changes that have occurred in Devon and the South West in general may not be so marked in Exeter. Many people who move to the region, particularly older people, choose more rural locations rather than cities and towns. Also, young people from Exeter are arguably more inclined to stay in Devon rendering the trends of the county invalid in some areas. This is backed up by census statistics that show the ratio of young and older people in Exeter is more in keeping with national averages. However, we are confident that, to some extent at least, there will be evidence of demographic changes within Exeter; especially those that result from large scale in-migration of older people. As we are using questionnaires, we may also be able to extend are survey beyond the city into areas where demographic change may be more prominent. Literature Reviews Population Dynamics contains a number of different studies concerning factors that affect populations. We chose two and conducted a review on them to provide more background for our own research project. The first study chosen was Dangerous Misconceptions?: fertility change in colonial western Kenya, by Tamasine Robins. Robins carried out a case study on the population of western Kenya, with particular emphasis on the effects of fertility change. She claimed that demographic studies relied too heavily on the demographic transition model, which is Eurocentric in nature and unsuitable for analysing population change in Kenya. Robins' study attempts to examine the effects of ‘colonialism' on fertility. Robins chose Western Province in Kenya as the field area for her research, and used a number of methods to collect data for analysis. Survey and census data were used, also historical and anthropological accounts. The first census of Kenya took place in 1948, and the second in 1962. These provided a reasonably accurate picture of trends and patterns in population. Robins also utilised other sources to add to the data collected from the census, carrying out detailed analysis of past population surveys, missionary accounts and government reports. She also conducted some interviews, which helped to add greater depth and meaning to the data. One major strength of the research is the use of triangulation of methods, which combines all the good points of each and this means that the quality of the research is likely to be improved, the scope of the data widened, and can enhance the validity of the research by providing more consistency across methods (Denscombe 1998:84-85). The disadvantages in the study include the fact that causation of population change is difficult to establish, and that with the types of data used, it is hard to be very specific about the background changes that affect population dynamics (Robins 1996:14). The final outcome of Robins' study found that during the colonial period fertility levels increased dramatically, resulting in a rapid growth in population. This was attributed to the influence of western values and the advent of capitalism. The second study looked at was one carried out by Akim J. Mturi and Sian L. Curtis, Fertility, Infant Mortality and Family Planning Policy in Tanzania. They studied the effects of these factors on population change, and tried to find out whether family formation patterns have a direct or only a background effect on infant mortality. The study analyses the potential impact of the family planning programme in Tanzania on the infant mortality rate. The central research method used in the study is the data collected in the 1991/1992 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey which contains data gleaned from interviews conducted on all women between the ages of 15 and 49 in selected households. Other similar surveys are used to add to the data. This information produces a range of statistical data, which is then analysed to produce a table showing the distribution of births.

Brand Credibility, Brand Consideration, and Choice by Joffre Swait

Brand Credibility, Brand Consideration, and Choice by Joffre Swait Abstract The purpose of this essay is to review the article â€Å"Brand Credibility, Brand Consideration, and Choice† by Joffre Swait and Tulin Erdem. The article identifies the effects of brand credibility towards successful marketing. The authors have used an appropriate research design in order to get the best results.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on â€Å"Brand Credibility, Brand Consideration, and Choice† by Joffre Swait specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the authors, trustworthiness is a powerful tool because it encourages many consumers to make positive purchasing decisions. New studies are critical towards exploring the benefits of effective marketing practices. Such dynamics can determine the success of every marketing strategy. The authors encourage future researchers to examine how consumers develop unique purchasing behaviors. This essay also supports our class text bec ause it offers the best insights to different learners. Critique The article â€Å"Brand Credibility, Brand Consideration, and Choice† examines a unique issue affecting many consumers and marketers. Brand credibility is associated with â€Å"expertise and trustworthiness† (Erdem Swait, 2004, p. 193). The article goes further to analyze how brand credibility affects the decisions made by different consumers. The scholars have organized their article in a professional manner thus making it meaningful. The issues discussed in the article are easy to understand. The researchers have offered the best representations and discussions. The researchers have included an abstract in this article. The literature review informs the reader about the targeted objectives and findings. This approach makes the article clear and worth reading. Quality research articles should always have appropriate study methodologies. It is agreeable that the authors used the best research methodology in order to get quality results. To begin with, the authors identified three hypotheses to guide their study. The researchers used a simple analysis method (SAM) to examine how brand clarity influences the decisions made by consumers. The authors â€Å"identified six product classes in order to get the best results† (Erdem Swait, 2004, p. 193). These product classes included â€Å"cellular telecommunications services, athletic shoes, juices, headache medications, personal computers, and hair shampoos† (Erdem Swait, 2004, p. 192).Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The researchers identified the best respondents before undertaking their study. This approach made it possible for the researchers to get the best results. The scholars also interpreted their results in a professional manner. This article is relevant because it supports our course content. According to our class readings, marketers should use the best advertising models in order to achieve their goals. According to Erdem and Swait (2004), every consumer purchases the best products in order to satisfy his or her needs. That being the case, advertisers and marketers should ensure their brands are admirable. Brand clarity also plays a major role towards the success of different products. It is agreeable that brand trustworthiness is capable of affecting the choices made by different consumers. Brand trustworthiness is critical because it determines the success (or failure) of a given product. Many researchers have also analyzed how brand clarity affects the success of various products. This article is worth reading because it equips advertisers with useful marketing ideas. Every marketer wants to get the best results. The ideas and concepts presented in this article will ensure every marketer realizes his or her potentials. This article also supports my marketi ng skills and experiences. Many consumers â€Å"will have to trust a specific brand before purchasing it† (Erdem Swait, 2004, p. 194). This fact explains why every marketer uses the concept of brand clarity to attract more customers. Brand credibility makes it easier â€Å"for consumers to purchase the best products in order to fulfill their needs† (Erdem Swait, 2004, p. 196). Brand credibility makes it easier for consumers to make good decisions. This practice encourages them to purchase the best products. The ideas and concepts presented in this article support the expectations of many marketers. This knowledge will make it possible for them to achieve their marketing objectives.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on â€Å"Brand Credibility, Brand Consideration, and Choice† by Joffre Swait specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article’s premises and conclusions are useful to every marketer. According to Erdem and Swait (2004), trustworthiness is something meaningful because it affects the decisions made by different consumers. This concept encourages consumers to purchase their favorite commodities (Erdem Swait, 2004). According to the author, several factors influences the decisions made by different customers. Credibility effects â€Å"are also common in different product classes† (Erdem Swait, 2004, p. 194). These arguments are useful because they support our course frameworks. The article widens our skills and competencies towards achieving every marketing objective. The article encourages future researchers â€Å"to examine how Choice Dynamics (CDs) can affect the decisions made by consumers† (Erdem Swait, 2004, p. 197). This article by Erdem and Swait widens our understanding towards effective marketing. Our class text offers useful models that can make every marketer successful. The article is a useful source of marketing ideas and sk ills (Erdem Swait, 2004). The class materials encourage every learner to apply different marketing models. The class text fulfills the needs of every learner. Scholars should undertake more studies in order to formulate the best marketing strategies (Erdem Swait, 2004). This practice will ensure every advertiser achieves his or her business goals. The presented course frameworks will ensure every student benefits from this learning experience. Reference Erdem, T., Swait, J. (2004). Brand Credibility, Brand Consideration, and Choice. Journal of Consumer Research, 31(1), 191-198.

The Boiling Point of Alcohol

The Boiling Point of Alcohol The boiling point of alcohol depends on which type of alcohol youre using, as well as the atmospheric pressure. The boiling point decreases as atmospheric pressure decreases, so it will be slightly lower unless you are at sea level. Here is a look at the boiling point of different types of alcohol. The boiling point of ethanol or grain alcohol (C2H5OH) at atmospheric pressure (14.7 psia, 1 bar absolute) is 173.1 F (78.37 C). Methanol (methyl alcohol, wood alcohol): 66 °C or 151 °FIsopropyl Alcohol (isopropanol): 80.3 °C or 177 °F Implications of Different Boiling Points One practical application of the different boiling points of alcohols and of alcohol with respect to water and other liquids is that it can be used to separate them using distillation. In the process of distillation, a liquid is carefully heated so more volatile compounds boil away. They may be collected, as a method of distilling alcohol, or the method may be used to purify the original liquid by removing compounds with a lower boiling point. Different types of alcohol have different boiling points, so this can be used to separate them from each other and from other organic compounds. Distillation may also be used to separate alcohol and water. The boiling point of water is 212 F or 100 C, which is higher than that of alcohol. However, distillation cant be used to fully separate the two chemicals. The Myth About Cooking Alcohol out of Food Many people believe alcohol added during the cooking process boils away, adding flavor without retaining alcohol. While it makes sense cooking food above 173 F or  78 C would drive off the alcohol and leave the water, scientists at the University of Idaho Department of Agriculture  have measured the amount of alcohol remaining in foods and found most cooking methods dont actually affect the alcohol content as much as you might think. The highest amount of alcohol remains when alcohol is added to boiling liquid and then removed from heat. About 85 percent of the alcohol remained.Flaming the liquid to burn off the alcohol still allowed for 75 percent retention.Storing food containing alcohol overnight with no heat applied resulted in 70 percent retention. Here, the loss of alcohol occurred because it has a higher vapor pressure than water, so some of it evaporated.Baking a recipe containing alcohol resulted in alcohol retention ranging from 25  percent (1 hour baking time) to 45 percent (25 minutes, no stirring). A recipe had to be baked 2 hours or longer to bring the alcohol content down to 10  percent or lower. Why cant you cook the  alcohol out of food? The reason is that alcohol and water bind to each other, forming an azeotrope. The components of the mixture cant be easily separated using heat. This is also why distillation isnt sufficient to get 100  percent or absolute alcohol. The only way to completely remove alcohol from a liquid is to boil it away completely or allow it to evaporate until its dry.

Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart A discussion of Achebes portrayal of women in Igbo society.

Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart A discussion of Achebes portrayal of women in Igbo society. Chinua Achebe's first novel Things Fall Apart is a story about an Igbo village in the late 1800's, and is one of its important men, Okonkwo. The story analyzes the destruction of African culture when the white man appeared. Achebe writes in a style that is interpretive instead of objective, and reflects the sociocultural organization existing in Africa during that era. Achebe highlights the roles of women in pre-colonial Africa. The female characters in the novel are major figures whose lives are not just affected by the desires of their husbands or fathers; the women reciprocally affect the husband and fathers lives. Igbo society emphasis is put on sex-roles, stereotyping, gender discrimination and the importance of masculinity and violence, which result in the abuse of the female's character.In Igbo society patriarchy rules in every aspect of existence, meaning women are excluded and men are superior. Women were seen as men's property and wives came in multiple numbers.English: Chi nua Achebe speaking at Asbury Hall, Bu...Women were bought and sold into marriage and once she became a man's property she became a little more than an object. The first wife of a man was paid more respect than others illustrated by the palm wine ceremony. Anasi, Nwakibie's [a big man in Umofia] first wife had not arrived and "the others could not drink before her" (14).Women were among one of the highest distinctions for a young man along with yam barns and social titles. Okoye, a friend of Okonkwo's father, qualified for these high distinctions because "he had a large barn full of yams and he had three wives. And now he was going to take the Idemili title, the third highest in the land." (5).The yam symbolizes richness and is a sign of a great man. The women of Igbo provided the workforce...

2 Cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

2 Cases - Essay Example In the year 2006, Del Monte transformed from inquiring from sales what they were going to sell and focused on market drivers. They brought to a halt their process of sales data collection at the item level through arduous spreadsheets and focused on sensing demand, comprehending drivers of a market as well as using the data to shape how they enter a market. The new procedures focus on the insights of a shopper: who the customers are, where, what and why they are buying. It aims at how best to shape demand in these areas (the accurate combination of assortment, promotion, price, trade deals, as well as sales incentives) to compel demand that is profitable. Del Monte established that the correct data to gather from sales was market drivers’ clarity: the quantity of new accounts that takes new products, competitive activity in the market, past promotions success, as well as retail channel insights. First, the whole organization gains from the benefits of the deployed system since it insists on process change. In addition, installing the ERP by Big bang approach might help the organization to get a faster return on the investment. Furthermore, ERP makes it easier to integrate and report, and no temporary interfaces are needed. Moreover, lower cost of running the systems as legacy systems are retired simultaneously. One of the disadvantages is high capital as well as a human resource investment. Secondly, any practical performance issues have an effect on the whole user population. In addition, ERP needs training of the whole user population. Adopting the new system is susceptible because of the restricted possibilities to maneuver, in addition to there being a lot of pressure since the deadline must be met. It is recommended that organizations should attack the implementation project in focused, short phases, working backward from aimed deadlines to generate a sense of

Response paper 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Response paper 3 - Essay Example It was in the twilight of Kurtz’ life when he finally understood while Marlow found it by contemplating on another’s life (Said, 2005). It becomes logical for us to cover our apprehensions with naivety, arrogance, and sometimes even hate. The style in which Joseph Conrad delivers an objective perspective of the issue of racism in his book â€Å"Heart of Darkness† emanates off the subtlety with which a number of arguments are presented. At a glance, it is reminiscent of Plato’s writings wherein characters are representative of the different points of view regarding one topic. This narrative undertaking gives the purposeful intention that allows the readers to form their own opinion regarding the subject as the author impartially presents us with all possible angles of the debate. We have Marlow, Conrad and Kurtz as the voices of reason each with their own proper merit. It is an irony that in the end of ‘Heart of Darkness’ there was still the undeniable obscurity between Marlow and the natives. The paradox is that revering the text is further acknowledging its flaws because of the absence of reciprocity in its dialogue as Achebe asserts (Armstrong, 2005). The vast sea and the travels are symb olic of the immense encompassing arguments and opinions of many that are altogether true and viable in real life. â€Å"It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind—as is very proper for those who tackle darkness. The conquest of the earth, which mostly means the taking it away from those who have a different complexion or slightly flatter noses than our-selves, is not a pretty thing when you look into it too much† (Conrad, p.3). Such was the real scenario of the conquest of the West with the rest of the world. Self-proclaming themselvess superior for the sole reason that they were the conquerors and by process of simple deduction makes those who they were able to pass

Discuss critically the main successes and failures of Tony Blair's New Essay - 1

Discuss critically the main successes and failures of Tony Blair's New Labour governments 1997-2007 - Essay Example He advocated for equal rights and equal opportunities for the citizens enhancing cohesion in the respective states. He was recognized for his work by different politicians for instance Margaret Thatcher the first Prime Minister referred to him as a great inventor for the great impact he had made in the labour party. He brought out his issues in controversial basis. History recognizes him as the most radical and boldest leader in British politics. The essay discusses in details the main successes and failures of Tony Blair. Primarily Tony Blair achievements are evident especially in the Labour Party. He fought for the rights of the citizens especially on the basis of income and their working conditions. In the 1960s, the National Minimum wage was raised to ?5.52. This was because of the charismatic nature of Tony. He made sure that poverty levels reduced and the economic life sustained on prosperity basis. History recognizes him as a peacemaker for instance, he stopped the genocide th at was happening in Kosovo and also ended the violence that impacted negatively in Northern Ireland (Faucher & Le 2010, p. 10). His reforms brought a great impact in Britain. For instance, during his leadership as a prime minister the crime rates reduced by 32 per cent. In addition, the funding for the pupils in England doubled. Because of Tony Blair’s effort, Britain was modernized especially on the bases of economic development. During his leadership, economic growth was sustained for almost ten years. Different programmes came in to fund the economy of the country. All the expanding programmes were funded by the big corporation because of the stability of the government that was evident in the state. Taxes were distributed equally among the members of the community. Tony also facilitated the expansion of the public sector in comparison to the private sectors hence creating job opportunities in the government institutions. Different politicians came in to support the boomin g economy of Britain especially in the area of schools, public safety and hospitals. He embraced Margaret Thatcher’s idea of free market policies to enhance the development of the economy (Davis 2013, p. 26). He is also recognized for being able to keep peace especially in Northern Ireland. He advocated for a strong Europe economy. This is because he knew that, the economy was important to enhance the growth of the country. His introduction of the red tape procedures enhanced the administration of the economic sector. In 1999, he staged out a strategy on the international community doctrine, which happened in Chicago. In his strategy, Tony advocated for the development of the economy. He gave emphases on the development of public policies. Public policies were based on health care (Gauld 2009, p. 26). He advocated for the development of the society specifically on the economic bases. Different corporations supported the growth of the economy by investing directly to the econo my. Through the leadership of Tony, funds were allocated for the development of the economy. Because of his charismatic nature, they the funds were allocated in different projects for instance in the building of schools. The labour party under the leadership of Tony has had different achievements in different sectors of the economy. During his leadership the economy of the country improved by the sustaining low inflation on the part of the government (Page 2007, p. 120).

Role of information Technology in the implementation of Business Research Paper

Role of information Technology in the implementation of Business Process Reengineering in government institutions in the UAE - Research Paper Example The proper implementation refers to the fulfillment of the business objective by reorganizing the whole business system. The research study also revealed that the employees’ sustainability is directly related to the dependence of the new system. The new system, which has high dependence on information technology resulted in highly successful firms in terms of employee satisfaction level. In addition to this, customer satisfaction level can also be improved with the help of proper implementation of business process reengineering. The research did not only highlight the satisfaction of employees, in fact the data analysis suggests that the overall business health improved. This improved business can be shown by comparing ‘before and after’ business performance. The overall performance of company has proved to be much better than the performance evaluated before the implementation of the business process reengineering. Therefore, as per the data analysis conducted for the research work, the business reengineering process should be inculcated among all the Govt. Institutions of the

Laos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Laos - Essay Example The theory rejects the notion that values and principles of any ideology will be the guiding principles of national policies. Laos is a small landlocked state in South East Asia which has been under the rule of a socialist and communist oriented regime since the 1970s. The country has been isolated as it pursued social, political, economic, and diplomatic policies which were in line with the objectives and interests of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Vietnam and USSR were the main allies of the country which pushed forward the communist takeover of the country following the withdrawal of American forces from Vietnam during the 1970s. The collapse of the Soviet Union and Communist bloc led to wide ranging consequences for Laos. It has been trying to reorient and refocus its system in order to survive. This paper uses the theory of Realism to evaluate the strength and weakness of Laos within the international political system. It also analyzes the main policies of the country using the concepts of Realism. It also makes recommendations which can help benefit the country in improving its economic, political, diplomatic, and social conditions. Laos is a small landlocked country which is surrounded by powerful countries like China and Vietnam. During the colonial age the country came under French occupation where it was governed like a protectorate. The 1970s witnessed the supremacy and domination of the communist insurgents which overthrew the monarchy (Hiebert, 175). The country is a socialist country ruled by a single party which is the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party. The Politburo creates the policies of the government. A constitution was created in the early 1990s which gave the ruling party special powers and roles in the political system of the country. Other political parties were strictly banned in the country while the press is also regulated and controlled by the government. A small insurgency is also prevalent against

Role of information Technology in the implementation of Business Research Paper

Role of information Technology in the implementation of Business Process Reengineering in government institutions in the UAE - Research Paper Example The proper implementation refers to the fulfillment of the business objective by reorganizing the whole business system. The research study also revealed that the employees’ sustainability is directly related to the dependence of the new system. The new system, which has high dependence on information technology resulted in highly successful firms in terms of employee satisfaction level. In addition to this, customer satisfaction level can also be improved with the help of proper implementation of business process reengineering. The research did not only highlight the satisfaction of employees, in fact the data analysis suggests that the overall business health improved. This improved business can be shown by comparing ‘before and after’ business performance. The overall performance of company has proved to be much better than the performance evaluated before the implementation of the business process reengineering. Therefore, as per the data analysis conducted for the research work, the business reengineering process should be inculcated among all the Govt. Institutions of the

International Relations (The Caspian Sea Dispute) Essay

International Relations (The Caspian Sea Dispute) - Essay Example The interest encompassing oil extraction in Caspian region are commonly existent in several countries of the world in view of its significance to each individual country's benefit. For instance, the Caspian states regard the extraction of oil as a bonanza of future riches, potency and control. However, Caspian states are not the only ones to conceive these purviews, beside these interests are also cherished by the giant international oil companies such as BP, Amoco and Exxon etc with a view to boosting profitability. Besides, countries like United States, Russia, China, Iran and Turkey. All guided by the objective to gain maximum possible geopolitical advantages out of the region's oil exploration and exploitation. Hence, this paper sharpens the significance of this region for several interested parties and also explores the arousing international level conflicts concerning the geographic expedition and utilization of Caspian Sea's abounding oil resources. The internal and external politics in the Caspian region have led to the enormously growing contention among several countries. The internal importance of oil reserves in the region arises in Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, where the oil is expected to free the countries from the claws of poverty, economic backwardness and Russian influence. The other country having substantial concerns for the region is Russia, which regards the exploration of oil in the region to be severely yoked with Russian 'internal security' matters. Finally the Caspian region is of international interest because of the region's potential to have ample reserves of unexplored oil, which can shape the fortune of several countries connected with it. As Frank Viviano (1998, pA1) propounds, "The oil boom in the Caspian basin promises to alter everything in its path- to erect a new El Dorado in desert wasted, fuel the economies of US and Europe, and re-order the global economy. It will also imperil thousands of years of tradition, setting its defenders against the tide of a glittering but deeply uncertain future." The foremost problem with the Caspian Sea's oil resources is that these reserves are not distributed equally across the sea, which has inseminated conflicts among the countries bordering it on the issue of maximum access to amplest oil. The major dispute held by the countries bordering the Caspian Sea i.e., Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Iran is the application of international law for the usage of Caspian resources, arguing on the treatment of Caspian as sea or lake. Brice Clagett (1998, p4) illustrate that if the Caspian is to be handled as sea, the eminent beneficiaries would be Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, as the resources of the sea would then be utilized by each country to the extent of a specified zone off the seashore under the international law. Both Russia and Iran, who had been historically sharing the Caspian Sea reserves, do not contain sufficient oil resources within their specified limits off the seashore. Therefore, they prefer the Caspian to be treat ed as a lake, enabling the countries to equally share the resources beneath the sea. Besides Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and other Caspian States, the most evident interest in Caspian Sea reserves is that of the Russian. Ozden Oktav (2005, p21) illuminates that "Russia has many economic and

Miles and Flora in ‘The Turn of the Screw’ Essay Example for Free

Miles and Flora in ‘The Turn of the Screw’ Essay The children in the novella are very distinctive in a manner of how the reader can perceive them. They can be seen by many as good children or bad children. In Victorian times the majority of children were actually brought up in the lower class and the middle class, Miles and Flora were not, they were lucky enough to be in the upper class but they had to follow the ideals of their mother or father. They didn’t have a mother or father therefore the governess was the only option of a friend to have and confide in, this was seen as morally wrong in the society since many Victorians believed that their shouldn’t be friendships between different classes, they believed in a strict social hierarchy. The children can be seen as innocent in the novella by the governess’ first views of them. On her first sighting of Miles, the governess describes him as being ‘angelic’, this can be seen as quite confusing to the reader since she has only just met him, it is a very powerful word to use on first impressions. But mainly it has religious connotations, it conveys a very strong image of Miles being this perfect little child, and sets him up as an innocent character throughout the entire novella. Also the governess is ‘carried away’ by Miles as well as the Master; this suggests that the governess is always in awe of strangers making her seem very vulnerable. Miles is constantly referred to as ‘little’ by the governess throughout the novella. She calls him a ‘little fairy prince’ which shows how highly she speaks of Miles, this suggests how little he is in physical appearance but mainly the innocence of him, small things are usually very vulnerable and innocent and need comfort and support from somebody bigger than them. The use of ‘prince’ not only shows how pristine he is but also correlates with his Victorian upper class position in society. This perception of Miles stays the same even until the end when his ‘little heart, dispossessed had stopped’. Since there has been many sides to Miles in the novella, the end sentence conveys how innocent he really he is. He is only a little boy and that’s what the reader needs to remember. Flora is also spoken very highly of by the governess. Generally there is more of a loveable connection between the two because they are female, and the daughter looks up to both of her parents as role models but to the mother most of all. The governess thinks that Flora is ‘the most beautiful child she has ever seen’; this is kind of inferred in the quotation but also has a very loveable element to it and an innocence one too. The governess doesn’t really experience any problems with Flora in the novella; she wants to protect her all the time from the ghosts that she believes are terrorizing her. Flora’s position in society as being upper class is also linked to by the use of her ‘hair of gold’, ‘gold’ symbolizing money but also makes her stand out in the crowd, the author has made her out to be like a little prodigy. Another perception of the children’s innocence comes with the idea if there are actually ghosts corrupting them, which the governess thinks is happening. The fact that they are only children conveys the general idea that children tend to be scared of ghosts and don’t want to hear anything about them. The children may be getting scared by the governess’ dramatic reactions to her so called sightings of Quint and Jessel. When Flora is awake in the middle of the night looking out the window, the governess, straight away, believes that she is contacting ghosts and so her suspicions about ghosts are increased but they are only children and it turns out they were only having a joke. Children can still have fun even though they are of noble birth but the governess doesn’t seem to realize this. Maria Edgeworth commented on the grave dangers of leaving young children in the supervision of servants, in this case the governess is actually a servant in social hierarchy terms but the master in terms of profession terms. The children however can be seen as being ‘bad’. The quote in the title itself tells how Miles could be being sinister. When the governess wakes up to see why Flora is standing up at the window, she immediately believes that she is contacting either Quint or Jessel because she is extremely paranoid. But when she sees Miles on the grounds of Bly she panics because not only is he all alone without anyone supervising him, he is also looking above the window Flora is looking out so the governess believes he is contacting Quint. When talking to Mrs.Grose about what happened the previous night, she watches Miles and Flora walking the grounds and believes that ‘they’re talking horrors!’, this could have several implications, one could be that they are plotting and scheming against the governess to maybe overthrow her position and get their uncle back to them and another could be that they are talking to the horrors and in this case the horrors could be Quint and Jessel since the word horror is often associated with ghosts and the supernatural. One thing that could suggest that the children are deceiving the governess and manipulating her is the fact that the employer who is the children’s uncle is nowhere to be seen at Bly. Since being employed the governess is told strictly not to contact him about anything whatsoever, not even about his own nephew and niece. This surely arouses suspicion and could possibly make the reader think that maybe the children are actually bad. Perhaps the past between Miles and Quint had made the Master resort to madness like the governess possibly has as well. It could in fact possibly be that Quint corrupted Miles before the governess was at Bly which leads to the reason why he was expelled from his school which the governess believes is a massive concern. Are the children the cause of their uncle’s behavior? And maybe, what have they done to make him not want to stay at Bly? The governess has all these sorts of questions but knows that they she cannot contact him for the sake of her job, which drives her mad because she thinks she is being corrupted. The descriptions of the children actually change as the reader progresses through the novella. On first impressions the children are compared to being like angels and royalty which is all well and good but she has yet to meet their true personalities. She describes Flora as an ‘old, old woman’ which is honestly the most ridiculous thing that a child can be called. This obviously cannot be a description of her physical appearance since she is only 8 years old but possibly how the governess believes that she is corrupted by Miss Jessel. Perhaps every time Jessel is around, Flora’s soul seems to be aging or it could actually be that she is becoming smarter with every appearance of Jessel so she is scheming more. This could suggest a loss of innocence in Flora, she used to be ‘the most beautiful child’ and now she is an ‘old, old woman’. To conclude I believe that the children are actually innocent. They are only children so how in any way can they actually be sinister and possibly evil? Yes there is strong evidence that the children could be being bad and corrupting the governess but being evil is too much of an extent. Therefore I believe in the innocence of the children.

Reflection Paper on Nursing Mentor

Reflection Paper on Nursing Mentor Scenario/Situation I was working with preceptor to supervise undergraduate students on their clinical rotation in different units of Aga Khan University Hospital. The students were divided into two groups; my preceptor and I supervised one group and another course faculty supervised the other group. It was the end of second week of clinical rotation, when one group of students complained to my preceptor that their assigned teacher is not visiting them for the last two weeks even not responding their e-mails and phone calls. In addition, they also stated that clinical preceptor is not facilitating them for their clinical based project because there was no direct communication between course faculty and preceptor. My preceptor kept quiet and did not respond to the students. My role in the Situation/Scenario I was surprised to hear the complaint stated by students because I wondered that how it could be possible that a teacher, who is working in a standardized institution (AKU), will not fulfill her responsibilities. I assumed that teacher must have been going to clinical but due to some reason, she might not be able to see some of the students. Based on my assumptions, I defended the teacher in front of the students by saying that â€Å"how it can be possible that she did not visit students for a single day on their clinical rotation†. In response to my verbal defense for the teacher, students showed anger by muttering to each other, â€Å"She is doing favor of the teacher and not paying attention to our concern†. Reflection Later on, I reflected on the scenario and asked a few questions to myself. Did I answer appropriately to the students? Why my preceptor kept quiet in front of students? What could be the reason that teacher is not going to supervise students on their clinical? Is it not expected from a teacher to visit students on their clinical? What are the students’ expectations from their clinical rotation? What is the role of clinical preceptor in facilitating students on their clinical? Analysis of the Situation and my Learning After analyzing the situation, I regretted for what I said to the students after knowing the fact that teacher did not supervise students for a single time. I realized that I should not respond to students as I did based on my assumptions of a standardized institute rather I should take some time to analyze the situation and then respond to students according to the scenario. If I would be given a second chance for the same kind of situation/scenario; I would say, â€Å"let me give some time to ask from the teacher that how we could solve the situation or facilitate you (students)† in order to be fair with the teacher and students as well. I thought a number of reasons for silent attitude of my preceptor in front of students. I assumed that there could be two alternatives for demonstrating silence by my preceptor; one is that she is not concerned about others what they are doing in their job. The second reason could be that she might be already aware of the situation that other teacher is not attending the clinical. I discussed this issue with my preceptor and I was surprised to know that my preceptor was already aware about the situation and she had forwarded the report to the respective director of undergraduate program. There could be a number of reasons if a teacher is not performing his/her duty to supervise students on their clinical as required. One could be personal attitude of a teacher that she/he may not be interested in supervising students on clinical; the second reason could be poor health of a teacher. Besides, there could be a possibility that teacher is overburdened due to some other assignments restricting her to perform the job. I realized that, a teacher must report it to the prospective supervisor or director whatever the reason he/she had rather than ignoring and compromising the students’ learning. I have learnt from the situation that if I would be given the responsibility of clinical supervision of students, I would perform my job as per the requirement. If there would be some reason, I would report my concerns directly to my supervisor/director. Furthermore, I would arrange some alternatives for it; for example, I can request to some other faculty for replacing my duty and facilitating students on their clinical rather than compromising students’ learning and giving a bad impression of myself to students. Role of a Teacher and a Preceptor in students’ clinical based learning I have analyzed the role of a teacher and clinical preceptor through available literature; a teacher should supervise the undergraduate students during their clinical to facilitate them for better learning outcomes (Borch, Athlin, Hov, Duppils, 2013). If a teacher is not monitoring students on clinical then it is not only difficult for a teacher to grade/mark their clinical evaluation, but also compromise students’ learning in terms of not addressing their learning needs. Furthermore, the role of preceptor is also very crucial in facilitating the students for required clinical hours and clinical based learning. A preceptor’s support and guidance facilitate students to gain confidence and ease their anxiety during clinical hours (OConnor, 2014). I learnt from the scenario that there are a number of essential aspects of effective preceptorship model. Preceptor must be informed in advance (before the commencement of students’ clinical hours) for what is expected from her/him and must be agreed to facilitate the student for his/her learning. There must be clear communication between course faculty and clinical preceptor for students’ facilitation for their clinical learning. In addition, course faculty must arrange a face-to-face meeting with clinical preceptors and students so that the expectations of students and preceptors should be communicated ahead of time. Role of Students in Clinical Based Learning The role of students is also very important in clinical based learning environment. For clinical based learning, students are expected to formulate and share learning objectives with their course faculty and clinical preceptor. Moreover, students are required to fulfill the required clinical hours and work under clinical preceptor’s supervision for completion of learning objectives. Students should discuss the issues and concerns with their preceptors and course faculty as needed. In addition, students value the presence of a teacher for their learning during clinical (Bjork, Berntsen, Brynildsen, Hestetun, 2014) as they can openly discuss their concerns and issues related to their preceptor and clinical environment. It enhances their confidence level and makes them responsible and accountable for their learning. I have learnt from the scenario that, clinical based learning is both challenging and rewarding for the students. Students may come across different types of challenges such as, development of learning objectives in relation with the course objectives, and prepare self for each clinical day. On the other hand, students learn best from their clinical based experience and gain confidence in decision making with facilitation of the preceptor. In addition, they also experience teamwork by coordination with preceptor and course faculty. To conclude, clinical based learning is significant particularly in nursing profession. For clinical based learning, students should provide the opportunity for application of theoretical concepts into practice in order to prepare them as the future nurses. For clinical education, students, course teachers, and clinical preceptors play an essential role in achieving the desired results for students’ effective learning outcomes. Course teacher must be accountable for their responsibilities towards students’ clinical learning and assessment. In addition, regardless of the reason, one must approach the suitable way to solve the issues rather than assuming or ignoring the situation. Moreover, students, course faculty, and preceptors must have clear expectations from each other about their clinical rotation and the learning objectives.

Leadership Essay -- essays research papers

A leader can be a manager, but a manager is not necessarily a leader. The leader of the work group may emerge informally as the choice of the group. If a manager is able to influence people to achieve the goals of the organization, without using his or her formal authority to do so, then the manager is demonstrating leadership (Allen, 1998). Great organizations are managed by people who have the necessary skills and attributes which allow them to connect with the organization and the people involved in the company. Managers must meet the many demands of performing their functions; managers assume multiple roles which include being a figurehead, leader, liaison, monitor, disseminator, spokesperson, entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator. Managers set and achieve the organizations goals by planning, organizing, controlling and leading. A manger can assume or delegate portions of authority to lead employees and achieve goals. Being a leader is not the same as managing an organization. Leader’s posses the interpersonal skills needed to influence others to achieve a goal willingly. Leading is a major part of a manager’s job. Leaders do not need to be a manager to lead people, but managers must know how to lead as well as manage. Leaders also have the ability to inspire, motivate, change attitudes and influence others to achieve goals. Managers have the ability to fire employees if they do not accomplish what needs to be done. The authority given t...

Tesco - Product, Price, Place and Promotion Essay -- Business Manageme

Tesco - Product, Price, Place and Promotion Product, price, place and promotion are all essential factors that Tesco need to take into consideration when ensuring the success of their business. How ever there are a variety of different aims and objectives in which Tesco have to pursue, therefore in the following paragraphs my primary objective to demonstrate how each of the 4 p’s interfere with Tesco’s aims and objectives. The aims in which I am going to study are: * Full global expansion as a business * Become a very profitable business * To make the business people value the most * Maintain market dominance * To be as strong in food as in non food * To have loyal and committed staff In order for Tesco to fully globally expand as a business then their major concern in relation to the 4 p’s would be place and promotion. Tesco need to ensure that they have researched into all of the major public areas around the globe in order to gain maximum customer attraction. Promotion is also another factor in which Tesco need to consider when aiming to globally expand. Seeing as though they want to be a popular business globally then there are going to be different ways and methods in which they can advertise and promote their enterprise in different countries. Therefore I believe that a good idea would possibly to research into the countries culture and traditions and elaborate and expand on these traditions and use them as a method of promotion. How ever ...

Goal of a Designer

The ultimate goal of Instructional Design is to quickly and effectively teach people a new skill, or system of thinking. Elliot Masie, editor of TechLearn Trends, suggests â€Å"all training is about behavioral stimulation that changes human beings on some level.† (Masie, 1998, p. 14) This is a tall order â€Å"to change human beings†, and therefore, any professional instructor that accepts this challenge must ask plenty of fundamental questions first. These essential questions are part of a process known as Needs Assessment. An instructor needs this information to choose tools for the program; the more you know your audience, both customer and learners, the more successful the program will be. There are several need assessment models to follow, but I will use â€Å"The Zemke-Kramlinger Model of the Major Human and Organizational Factors that Affect People Performance in an Organization†. Their model asks hard questions in three different categories: Without this information, the designer is only guessing. Once a designer is confident the needs assessment has provided a solid foundation to start building a program, different tools, or media, should be considered. The variety of tools ranges from simple (print) to high tech (satellite dish communication). The American Society for Training and Development has published a book that outlines an eight-step process for assisting in selection of the proper tools. The steps are as follows: 1. Understand all the training tools available with the benefits and drawbacks of their use. 2. List the media delivery that will work for your audience at their capability level. 3. Evaluate your media list with the goals of training, and level of audience in mind. 5. Synthesize findings and establish â€Å"core media†. 6. Consider auxiliary media that would augment your â€Å"core media†. 7. Identify any implementation issues, organizational requirements, or technical limitations which could prevent successful use of your â€Å"core media†. 8. Prepare your conclusion in a formal report for management. With all the preparation out of the way, just what tools are we talking about? Here is a list of possibilities: With information on the objectives, learners, the company, budget, constraints etc., a program can be designed that is tailored for customer and learner. In an article titled â€Å"Crank Up Your Coolness Quotient† , designers are warned of the dangers in making a program to flashy, or cool, using multimedia and sacrificing the learning. The pull is understandable. Using a multimedia program, an instructor can challenge the student to read, watch, listen, guess, explore, try and fail. This much interaction gives the material more time to assimilate in the students experience. For all the pluses, there are just as many negatives. The drawback that stops many programs from developing in multimedia is the cost. The bells and whistles are very expensive; yet, depending on the situation, the cost may be justified. On the other hand, is the technology over the student capability? What about losing the learning in the technology? Does the client have the equipment that will run advanced programming? The instructor that has performed all the necessary front-end research does not worry about these questions; the answers are in the report handed to management.

Cultures in the World Essay

To define culture is not easy because culture means different things to different people. Hence there many definitions of culture as there are many different cultures in the World. Anthropologists define culture as social behaviour of human beings. To others dance, music, theatre, artifacts and fashion constitute culture. On the other hand, fashion is a style characteristic of the social elite and is mainly associated with social class and is highly dynamic. Hence fashion should be in current mode for instance a garment. Fashion, style, vogue or even mode are used interchangeably to refer to a preferred type of dress, behaviour, adornment or a way of life at a given time span. In broadest terms fashion usually refers to conventions which are generally accepted by a society or by any culture or even a subculture. Style like mode often stresses the adherence to standards and elegance and should be socially accepted. For instance miniskirts were the mode in the late sixties. Vogue is applied to style or fashion that prevails widely but often suggests enthusiastic but short lived acceptance (The American heritage 2003). Wilson, further states that fashion is always in a continual change and sets the terms for all sartorial behaviour (Wilson 2003). The importance of fashion can never be overemphasized in the current world since fashion now is always around us from media to our daily lives in clothing and even automobile sector. Let it be clearly noted that fashion is for aesthetic as well as societal class, elegance and modesty. In the current years fashion has become a major factor affecting the psychosocial wellbeing of major cultures and subcultures in the world. This influences the life of people both in style and preferences and their economical sphere. The growth of fashion is linked with the development of cities and urban centres in the 14th century and the growing sophistication of the courts. But it is only in 15th and 16th centuries when people developed the culture of fashion and class such that they felt shameful to wear outdated clothes (Wilson 2003). The entrance of fashion led to increased spending on clothes and a clear cut class differences. The rise of bourgeoisie became so much crucial in the development of fashion and style. The poorest class received the cheapest clothing with the people in the highest level in class ladder wearing the most expensive clothes. With the rise of Industrial revolution came capitalism hence new markets for clothes in fashion and fashion became more and more important with the circulation of images in mass communication. GENDER AND FASHION In the current contemporary world, fashion has become the order of the day. Media houses and world class beauty and model centres have been developed all over the world especially in Europe and U. S. A. However, unlike the past where fashion was associated with female, this industry welcomes both genders nowadays. But because of the past skewed interest of ladies in the industry they are still the major players. Nevertheless, almost every one in the current society setting especially in urban areas appreciates fashion and style and is a product of the same in one way or another. People are more conscious when it comes to fashion and no one is willing to be left behind in the outdated world hence consumption of these fashion products has tremendously risen. ‘Dress is a practical negotiation between the fashion system, the social conditions of everyday life such as class and gender as well as rules or norm governing particular social situations. The outcome of this complex interaction cannot be known in advance precisely because the habitus will improvise and adapt to these conditions’. Thus dress is a personal attempt to orientate ourselves to particular circumstances and thus recognise the structural influences of the social world and the individual on the other (Entwistle 2000) FASHION AND MODERNITY Fashion has kept pace with modern life. It has followed every step the global world is making and is by itself part and parcel of the globalised world. From North to South, West to East fashion is seen to influence the global ways of life. However, this is bringing about similarity and extinction of cultures since fashion and culture are linked and the change of one leads to change of the other. Since fashion is dynamic it follows that the fashion of yester years is different from the fashion of today hence today’s fashion is new and can be termed as modern. Modern fashion has greatly been affected by the present technological advancement and the entrance of new marketing approach. For example, the use of internet has revolutionized this industry. It is not a wonder therefore what is considered modern in London today is even being used the following day in Washington. This has promoted customized fashion products to promote what many fashion stars look for in fashion; uniqueness and class. Fashion and style industry has in the recent decades been well established with increased sales as many people go for class and fashion. Also, the quality of the products has greatly developed thus fashion has become our way of life. FASHION, SUBCULTURAL & YOUTH STYLES It is important to distinguish between the concept of youth culture and youth subcultures. In general terms youth culture is more homogenous, doing similar things and being treated in the same way playing down aspects of differentiation. This idea was much popular with U. S sociologists in early 1960s. In modern youth culture emphasis is more on subcultures. Unlike the 20th c where fashion was highly linked with class, in 21st c the line of demarcation has narrowed and the mode of classification is not only on class lines but across a wide plane of social and cultural identities. Hence the youth even in ghettos are coming up with their modes of fashion. The issue of subcultures within the large framework of culture in a society is a major phenomenon. Hence these subcultures act as the seed bed for fashion that is embraced by the larger society. The link between class and identity is far less apparent in the 20th c, in particular since high fashion is democratised and not longer the prerogative of a small elite. In contemporary culture distinction does not run along class lines alone but across a wide plane of social identities. Thus, rather than being only imposed from the top, fashion is also ‘bubbling up’ from the street and youth cultures (Entwistle 2000). The use of style brings across clear identity within the youth and serves to sometimes oppose dominant values within the society. Youth tend to solve their problems of culture and fashion in their own unique understandable way hence they act against the main stream fashions of the old. However their fashions and style are dominantly affected by the media and celebrities entertainment industry. Fashion trends brought forward by top musicians come fast and go quickly. These fashions and styles linked with subcultures are known to be diverse as the youth are dynamic. Therefore the rate of change of any fashion within a subculture is higher than in the dominant cultures. The youth also customise fashions by either adding or removing some parts from the original fashion to create a different identity. And for sure youth have revolutionised the world of fashion and culture, in the contemporary world. Therefore fashion is regarded as a mode of identity by the youth and serves as the avenue through which the youth express themselves. EFFECTS OF FASHION ON CONSUMERISM The cycle of fashion in the modern times has been found to influence the level of consumerism in the current world. Fashion is fueled by change and conversion. Designers always persuade their customers that their new fashions are everything they need. In the next season the same designers convince their customers to bade farewell to outdated designs and instead embrace the new trends in their latest collections. Western society’s culture of mass consumerism has widely been influenced by the fashion cycle. Sociologist Stella C. (1993) likens fashion cycle with the rolling waves of the sea. As one fashion gains popularity and is outdated another style is gaining momentum and this change our modern culture. Today’s fashion is not only placed on the contest of youth, sexuality and historicism, but also previous culture movements and shows fashion reflects its surrounding, its subjects but ultimately itself. FASHION AND CLASS Fashion is known to influence lifestyle and how people relate within the society. However this relationship is both on the individual and societal levels. Fashion is a product of class division since many people want to be seen in a unique way within any given society and societies also show their class differences using fashion hence affecting the culture of present societies. CONCLUSION It is true that fashion and culture are highly interlinked. A culture that appreciates fashion is a culture that is dynamic and ready to follow where its fashion leads it to. Modern culture is hinged on the fashion of each passing day and unlike the past psychosocial behaviour is influenced by fashion on a larger scale. Youth subcultures promote their own form of fashion which may be interlinked with fashions within the larger sphere of culture. These fashions serve to show their rebellious identity. The cycle of fashion has seen unnecessary changes of fashion due to designers who look forward to make profits and are out to change fashions as quickly as practicably possible. Hence the world is supposed to be aware of these uncalled changes in fashions. Unethical issues are also related to fashion and culture. Therefore, some people see it like their religious and spiritual beliefs are affected by fashion. However on a global perspective fashion has promoted the entrance of more products in the world market leading to increased competitiveness. Modern global culture is a mirror of fashion and design. REFERENCES Bruzzi Stella, and Patricia Gibson, 2000, Fashion Cultures: Theories, Explorations, and Analysis. London; New York: Routledge. Craik, Jennifer, 1993, The Face of Fashion: Cultural Studies in Fashion. London; New York: Routledge. Entwistle, J. 2000, The Fashioned Body: Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory. Cambridge: Polity Press. Malossi, G. 2000, Material Man: Masculinity, Sexuality, Style. New York: H. N. Abrams. The American Heritage, 2003, Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition by Houghton Mifflin Company. U. S. A.

GM Research 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GM Research 2 - Essay Example Gene flow and outcrosssing does not necessarily signify environmental damage however potential risks of the transgenes escaping and establishing themselves in the natural agro ecosystems (Eastham & sweet, 2002, p10). This inbreeding between the gm cambogia plants and novel species can give rise to new genetic traits which may or may not be beneficial. Till date no proper sourced have indicated that usage of genetically modified Garcinia has had detrimental effects on the human health. However, the fact remains that there is existence of a certain percentage of risks in form of possible allergic reaction and immune responses. Another major risk is that since first generation GM crops such as Garcinia use a antibiotic-resistant marker gene for easier cell selection, when ingested these marker genes from GMO may get incorporated into the human gut fauna and make them resistant to antibiotics thereby rendering the person immune to antibiotic therapeutic treatments in the future (Pretty,2001, p254). Eastham,  K., & Sweet,  J. (2002).  enetically modified organisms (GMOs): The significance of gene flow through pollen transfer  (28). Retrieved from European Environment Agency website: http://www.e-library.lt/resursai/ES/Leidiniai/EEA_issue_reports/GMOsforwww.pdf Pretty,  J. (2001). The rapid emergence of genetic modiï ¬ cation in world agriculture: contested risks and beneï ¬ ts.  Environmental Conservation,  28(3), 248-262. Retrieved from http://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/teach/agbio/2004%20materials/1B-STATUS/Environ_Conserv_emergence%20of%20GE%20in%20world%20ag.pdf Wolfenbarger,  L.  L., & Phifer,  P.  R. (2000). e Ecological Risks and BeneÞts of Genetically Engineered Plants.  science,  290, 2088-2092. Retrieved from

Media use forecast Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Media use forecast - Assignment Example Before I sleep I browse internet in private and go through my Facebook page where I interact with friends and share personal experiences with various friends. In regard to the media content I focus on, I comment positively on various health-related issues on Facebook. I also comment on public debate by sending messages through twitter to the television network viewers and hosts. My media diet has helped me keep friends and official links that are of much socio-economic gain in my life (Johnson 43). The issues I focus on in media keeps me updated on latest healthcare research findings and emerging technology which is relevant for the contemporary competitive infection-ridden society. My experience with the violent and sexual explicit media content in some programmes in television, magazines and Facebook began to absorb me and nearly cost me my job. I had become addicted and realized that besides losing my job I was also deviating from acceptable moral standards. I therefore decided to reconsider my media diet which has significantly improved my knowledge and moral

Argumentative Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Argumentative Research - Essay Example Content not driven at the ideology of this political group or the government as a whole (for example either Tibetan or Taiwanese independence) is suppressed in the interests of the state (Hughes). Search engine giant Google has recently come under fire for complying with China’s standards of censorship. Opponents, like Frida Ghitis, accuse Google of selling out on its lofty and righteous corporate responsibility to the oppressed people of China. They claim that as Google puts profits above the people of China, they are compounding the problem by promoting a low standard of corporate ethics. Nevertheless, this view of Google and its ethical responsibilities is itself destructive and contradictory. Claiming that any corporation has a moral duty to serve the interests of anyone besides stockholders is patently absurd. Additionally, to think a corporation does have a moral duty threatens to subordinate businesses to the whims of societies (and, by proxy, their governments): the ou tcome Google’s opponents argue against. The question of Google allowing the Chinese government to censor its content drives a deeper issue: that of corporate social responsibility. This term refers to the moral kinds of obligations, if any, that businesses and corporations are committed to by virtue of being such entities. Obviously, many are favorable to the idea of corporations contributing in some way to social change, other than what some have called â€Å"economic imperialism†, where corporations â€Å"exploit† workers in third-world countries. Nevertheless, the ethics of corporate responsibility have not been well-justified, and are typically found only in the businesses’ models for making profit. Thus, on its face, it seems that â€Å"being responsible† for a corporation is good for business. It can benefit, first of all, brand

Is Experience More Preferable over Academic Results Personal Statement

Is Experience More Preferable over Academic Results - Personal Statement Example My major is economics hence working in this environment was both beneficial and eye-opening for me. As a personal assistant I was able to see the CEO go through her day and the different decisions she was required to make for the benefits of the business. Â  Here I learned my first lesson which was that one must adjust in the practical world and must be ready to make on the spot decisions. The CEO was always under a lot of pressure and had to attend to many different things at the same time. However, I was admirable of her capability to keep calm and delegate each requirement in ways which enabled all the requirements to be met.The economic world is also the same in the sense that economies are always changing. In order for one to stay ahead in this field, he or she should be ready to adjust to different markets and different conditions. One can easily be overwhelmed by the constant changes or requirements, however, the internship taught me that it is easier to make decisions with a cooler head and panicking only slows down the thinking and adaptive process. I was also able to see the different business decisions that the company made and the CEO gave me some advice in about business and how one is always required to take risks, however, they must be calculated and not place the integrity of the person or the company in jeopardy.I also learned many things from being part of a working environment. There are many different characters and people in a company and there will naturally be conflicts of interest at some point. This is especially present in fields involving economics as the profession is very competitive. Hence, by being in this environment I was able to learn about teamwork and how working well with others can help one fulfill his or her duties.

Management and Labour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management and Labour - Essay Example They can either make or break it. Thus, cooperation between the two, working as one unified body towards the goal of the organisation, is crucial, especially so that what brings profit to the organisation is no other than employee’s productivity. Yet, the source of strength of any organisation is also its weakest point because the required unity between management and labour is something elusive to achieve. Worse, it is oftentimes the source of hostility that usually brings the organisation down. As management represents the interest of the capital – gaining super-profit at the expense of exploiting labour – to achieve employee’s trust and full-cooperation for utmost productivity is a century-old challenge to management. This inherent contradiction between management and labour is seen as the usual reason why do employees restrict the level of their output. But as organisational relationships evolve in the course of time, giving more attention on human relations, and as technology displaces labour giving more leverage to management, problems of lessened employee productivity is no longer attributed to labour exploitation but to poor management. Labour is the most productive force of production because no else has the power to produce but the worker’s productivity. Even with the modernisation of technology, the crucial role of labour in capitalist production remains. Thus, ensuring worker’s high performance rate is key function of management, because anything that may cause reduction in the worker’s level of output is detrimental to the interest of the capitalist. But what makes employee restrict their output level –is it the management or the worker’s exploited working condition? To answer this question, it would be best to understand first man’s concept of work. What is work to man? What makes man work? What discourages man to work? Man works not simply to work

Statement of problem, opportunity, objectives Essay Example for Free

Statement of problem, opportunity, objectives Essay Alan Baird, the founding figure of Stitch it, a primarily mall based service provider which officers alteration services to the private and public sector, was now the company’s CEO. In 1990, Baird sold Stitch it to a business group after sales and income had begun to slow. After selling his company and having stayed on as CEO, he oversaw the growth of the company and overall expansion form the initial 3 stores under Baird’s direct leadership, to today’s 84 stores throughout Canada and the United States. Now having the opportunity to buy back his business venture, his daughter, Jennifer Baird has expressed her interest I becoming an executive in the Stitch It Group. Analysis of situation Although Jennifer Baird has graduated from The University of Western Ontario with a bachelor’s degree in the administrative and commercial studies program in 2000, she lacks real-time experience to go into the Stitch It Group and lead as an executive. She would have a difficult time attempting to adjust to the fast paced environment in addition to having the support from her peers or the respect from her employees without having earned her â€Å"stripes.† To address the concern, Alain Baird proposed a plan of attack to expose his daughter to the much needed experience by completing a 10-year plan. The plan called for her to assume the role of a local store moving up to managing operations to various stores and then rotating thru positions in business operations, accounting department, marketing and human resources before heading into an executive position Identification and evaluation of alternatives Alternative #1: Jennifer Baird can continue with her education and her goal to be a top executive by taking courses and earning a degree in business management. Advantage: She would take this education into a tentative 10-year program her father will develop and expose her to real-life situations with the day-to-day operations of the group. Disadvantage: This option might deter her father from purchasing the group in the manner that it would be up to an additional four years of schooling before she can accompany and assist him the business operations. Alternative #2: Alan Baird takes his daughter, Jennifer Baird, under his wing and shows her â€Å"the ropes† after completing her education at The University of Western Ontario and assigns her to and extended internship program after he accepts the offer to buy back his previous business group. Advantage: Alan Baird fulfills his dream to operate a family business; in addition he assures himself his daughter obtains the necessary exposure to the successes and failure of running the business. Disadvantage: Within time, Alan Baird might not have the physical stamina to run the family business and keep up with his daughter’s training. Decision, course of action, implementation Alternative #2 is the best course of action available to Alan Baird. By taking his daughter under his leadership, he can share first-hand experience and knowledge to overcome and continue in the groups’ success and he can have the family business he always sought after.